API 560 Fired Heaters for General Refinery Service
Yuhong Group Fired heaters are used throughout the hydrocarbon and chemical processing industries such as refineries, gas plants, petrochemicals, chemicals and synthetics, olefins, ammonia and fertilizer plants.
Heater Mechanical Components:
1. Radiant Section: Portion of the heater in which heat is transferred to the tubes primarily by radiation
2. Arch: Flat or sloped portion of the heater radiant section opposite the floor
3. Convection Section: Portion of the heater in which the heat is transferred to the tubes primarily by convection
4. Crossover: Inter-connecting piping between any two heater-coil sections
5. Breeching: Heater section where flue gases are collected after the last convection coil for transmission to the stack or the outlet ductwork
6. Stack: Vertical conduit used to discharge flue gas to the atmosphere
7. Damper: Device for introducing a variable resistance in order to regulate the flow of flue gas or air
NOTE: In some cases, like smaller forced-draft systems, a damper is not used.
8. Burner: Device that introduces fuel and air into a heater at the desired velocities, turbulence and concentration to establish and maintain proper ignition and combustion
NOTE: Burners are classified by the type of fuel fired, such as oil, gas, or combination (also called dual fuel).
9. Pilot: Small burner that provides ignition energy to light the main burner
10. Terminal: Flanged or welded connection to or from the coil providing for inlet and outlet of fluids
11. Pass or stream: Flow circuit consisting of one or more tubes in series
Yuhong Group Fired Heater draft systems :
A. Natural Draft: Draft is maintained by the natural, upward flow of hot gases. Cool air is drawn in at the burners to replace the flue gases leaving the stack. The draft is controlled by adjusting the position of the damper in the stack. The other types of furnaces rely on fans to assist in maintaining a draft.
B. Forced Draft: The fan supplies combustion air to the burners. Forced draft permits steady control of the air at the burners.
C. Induced Draft: Is a draft produced by discharging the flue gas out of the furnace with a fan located between the convection section and the stack.
D. Balanced Draft: The furnace uses two fans. One fan supplies air to the burners while the other discharges flue gas from the furnace. The use of two fans allows greater control over the factors that affect complete and efficient combustion.
