Yuhong Group Co., Ltd. supplies ASME SB171 C46400 naval brass tubesheets alongside a complete range of shell & tube heat exchangers, pressure vessels, air coolers, U-tubes, finned tubes, baffle plates, and channel heads. This page focuses on C46400 tubesheets for seawater-cooled and marine-grade heat transfer equipment.
ASME SB171 C46400 tubesheets are pressure-retaining components used to fix, seal, and support tube bundles in shell & tube heat exchangers, condensers, and marine coolers. The material is a wrought copper-zinc-tin alloy (UNS C46400), with a nominal composition of 60% Cu, 39.2% Zn, and 0.8% Sn. This tin addition is not decorative: it directly suppresses dezincification and improves resistance to impingement attack in chlorinated or brackish cooling water. The tubesheet is available in forged or rolled form, custom-drilled to triangular, square, or staggered patterns, and machined with grooves for tube expansion joints.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Material Standard | ASME SB171 |
| UNS Designation | C46400 (Naval Brass) |
| Nominal Composition | Cu 59.0-62.0%, Sn 0.50-1.0%, Zn remainder |
| Tensile Strength (annealed) | ≥ 345 MPa |
| Yield Strength (annealed) | ≥ 140 MPa |
| Elongation | ≥ 35% |
| Thermal Conductivity | ~116 W/m·K |
| Operating Temperature Range | ≤ 204°C (medium-low pressure service) |
| Tube Hole Tolerance | Machined to customer drawing |
| Form | Forged disc or rolled plate |
The duplex alpha-beta structure of C46400 provides a balance of strength and machinability suitable for multi-hole drilling. Its corrosion resistance in seawater is primarily attributed to tin substitution for zinc, which alters the electrochemical behavior of the beta phase and retards selective zinc leaching. C46400 also exhibits resistance to stress-corrosion cracking in ammonia-free cooling water. However, ammonia-bearing media should be avoided — a documented failure case involved C46400 tubesheets cracking after retubing when ammonia entered the system through process make-up water. This is a material selection boundary, not a manufacturing defect.
Tubesheets are forged or rolled according to ASME SB171, then CNC-drilled, grooved, and reamed. As an inspection baseline, ultrasonic testing (UT) is performed to detect internal laminations and inclusions, while liquid penetrant testing (PT) checks machined surfaces and tube-hole edges for surface-breaking defects. Dimensional inspection covers hole diameter, pitch, bolt circle, and thickness. Material test certificates traceable to the original mill heat number are issued with each delivery.
Marine heat exchangers and seawater condensers using C70600 (90/10 Cu-Ni) or C71500 (70/30 Cu-Ni) tubes
Ship engine cooling systems, ballast water coolers, and offshore platform cooling circuits
Power plant surface condensers with seawater or brackish cooling water
Desalination preheaters and multi-stage flash condenser tube sheets
HVAC chiller tubesheets and industrial low-pressure heat exchangers
Can C46400 tubesheets be used with titanium tubes?
Galvanic coupling between naval brass and titanium is significant. When titanium tubes are specified, an insulating sleeve or coated tubesheet face is typically required.
Why does tin matter in C46400?
Tin inhibits dezincification by modifying the corrosion product layer. Without tin, high-zinc brasses in seawater tend to suffer selective zinc loss and wall thinning.
What tube-to-tubesheet joint methods are compatible?
Roller expansion, hydraulic expansion, and seal welding are commonly used. Grooved holes improve pull-out strength for expanded joints.
Contact
For project-specific dimensions, material certificates, or technical consultation, contact Yuhong Group Co., Ltd. at vladimir@steelseamlesspipe.com
