The Kettle Reboiler (TEMA K-Shell) is engineered for critical vaporization processes requiring high-vapor-fraction generation and stable phase separation. Featuring an enlarged vapor disengagement space, this unit minimizes liquid entrainment into the overhead vapor stream, ensuring stable reboiler operation in distillation columns and refinery fractionators.
All pressure-retaining and thermal boundary elements are engineered strictly according to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) Section VIII, Division 1, and TEMA Class R standards.
| Component | Standard / Grade | Typical Dimensions / Ratings |
|---|---|---|
| Shell & Dome | ASME SA516 Gr. 70 / SA516 Gr. 70N | ID 600 mm - 2,500 mm; Thk 10 mm - 50 mm |
| U-Tube Bundle | ASME SA179 / SA213 TP316L / SA789 (Duplex 2205) | OD 19.05 mm (3/4") & 25.4 mm (1"); WT 1.65 mm - 2.11 mm |
| Tubesheet | ASME SA105 / SA350 LF2 / SA240 316L | Forged / Rolled, Thk up to 200 mm |
| Baffles & Supports | ASME SA283 Gr. C / SA240 304 | Single/Double Segmental, Thk 6 mm - 12 mm |
| Inspection / Test | Acceptance Standard | Objective / Operational Range |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrostatic Testing | ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1 UG-99 | 1.3* Design Pressure; holds up to 150 bar(g) |
| Non-Destructive Examination (NDE) | ASME Sec. V (RT / UT / PT / MT) | 100% Volumetric NDE on circumferential/longitudinal welds |
| Tube-to-Tubesheet Joint Integrity | ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1 App. A | Expanded or Strength-Welded joints rated for zero leakage |
TEMA K-Shell designs typically operate with liquid vaporization rates up to 80-90% per pass while maintaining stable boiling regimes, provided the liquid level is maintained above the top tube row by a weir plate.
For high-differential pressure or thermal cycling applications, strength welding combined with roller expansion per ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1 Appendix A is specified to eliminate fatigue cracking and crevice corrosion.
